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Prevalence of Symptoms of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Its Correlates: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

Received Dec. 27, 2001; revision received May 30, 2002; accepted June 11, 2002. From Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston. Address reprint requests to Dr. Keuthen, OCD Clinic, Massachusetts General Hospital–East, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129; keuthen{at}psych.mgh.harvard.edu (e-mail).

The authors investigated the prevalence of body image concerns, body dysmorphic disorder, and related psychiatric symptoms in a group of 101 American students. Results were compared with data from a group of 133 German students. Survey data were collected on body image concerns, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and skin picking. A total of 74.3% of the American students endorsed body image concerns, and 28.7% were preoccupied by them; 4.0% appeared to meet DSM-IV criteria for body dysmorphic disorder. Body esteem was significantly correlated with self-esteem and depressive, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Body image concerns and preoccupation were significantly greater in American than in German students, although the prevalence of probable body dysmorphic disorder was not.

Key Words: Body Dysmorphic Disorder

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